Study Overview
- Title:
- Pre-analysis Plan for Smallholder Agricultural Competitiveness Project (SACP), Bangladesh
- Study is 3ie funded:
- No
- Study ID:
- RIDIE-STUDY-ID-662beeb8aacd7
- Initial Registration Date:
- 04/26/2024
- Last Update Date:
- 01/08/2024
- Study Status:
- In Development
- Location(s):
- Bangladesh
- Abstract:
This study will analyze the impact of an irrigation infrastructure rehabilitation program in coastal regions of Bangladesh. The project constructs and rehabilitates dykes, canals, and buried pipe systems to enhance the food security and agricultural diversification of smallscale farmers in the region. We will use inverse-probability-weighted-regression-adjustment (IPWRA) approach to estimate the impacts of dykes, canals, and buried pipes on farm-level agricultural diversification and household food security.
- Registration Citation:
- Categories:
- Agriculture and Rural Development
Environment and Disaster Management
- Additional Keywords:
- Water Infrastructures, Agricultural Diversification
- Secondary ID Number(s):
Principal Investigator(s)
- Name of First PI:
- Haseeb Ahmed
- Affiliation:
- FAO
- Name of Second PI:
- Silvio Daidone
- Affiliation:
- FAO
Study Sponsor
- Name:
- SACP Project Bangladesh
- Study Sponsor Location:
- Bangladesh
Research Partner
- Name of Partner Institution:
- FAO
- Type of Organization:
- Other
- Location:
- Italy
Intervention Overview
- Intervention:
Key interventions of the SACP project in Bangladesh that are empirically tested in this study are:
1. Construction of dykes
2. Rehabilitation and construction of buried pipes.
3. Rehabilitation and constructions of canals.
- Theory of Change:
This evaluation concerns three key water infrastructures built or rehabilitated by SACP. These infrastructures are:
- Dykes along the rivers
- Buried pipes
- Canal rehabilitation and construction
Here an important distinction needs to be made between dykes and the rest of the water infrastructures. On the one hand, dykes protect the cropland from tidal waves and floods. By reducing flood risk, they allow for investment in agricultural production. On the other hand, buried pipes and canals increase the availability of water, especially during the Rabi season when rainfall precipitations decrease, thus allowing farmers to invest in agriculture. The hypotheses related to this evaluation are described below:
Hypotheses Regarding Crop Dykes
H1: Households protected from dykes will have greater overall resilience (measured through household food security).
H2: Households protected from dykes will face less flood risk.
H2: Farm production, land-used for agriculture, and investment in HVCs for beneficiary households will be higher because of enhancement in flood protection.
Hypotheses Regarding Canals & Buried Pipes
H1: Beneficiary households will have greater resilience and food security.
H2: Greater water availability, especially in the drier Rabi season, will allow for greater agricultural land use especially in Rabi season for beneficiary households as compared to the comparison group.
H3: Beneficiary households will have greater water availability, which will allow for agricultural diversification, high-value crop production, and increased farm production.
H4: Beneficiary households will have greater input use in terms of fertilizers and pesticides as they practice high-value agriculture.
- Multiple Treatment Arms Evaluated?
- Yes
Implementing Agency
- Name of Organization:
- BADC
- Type of Organization:
- Public Sector, e.g. Government Agency or Ministry
Program Funder
- Name of Organization:
- IFAD
- Type of Organization:
- Foreign or Multilateral Aid Agency
Intervention Timing
- Intervention or Program Started at time of Registration?
- Yes
- Start Date:
- 02/01/2019
- End Date:
- 07/31/2024
Evaluation Method Overview
- Primary (or First) Evaluation Method:
- Matching
- Other (not Listed) Method:
- Additional Evaluation Method (If Any):
- Difference in difference/fixed effects
- Other (not Listed) Method:
Method Details
- Details of Evaluation Approach:
This is essentially an ex-post evaluation based on cross-sectional comparisons between treatments and control groups.
- Outcomes (Endpoints):
Key Outcome Measures for the Dykes Evaluation
- Food Security (FIES) – corresponding to H1.
- Self-reported flood shocks – corresponding to H2.
- Land under cultivation – corresponding to H3.
- Number of HVCs produced - corresponding to H3.
- Revenue per decimal - corresponding to H3.
Key Outcome Measures for the Canals and Buried Pipe Evaluation
- Food Security (FIES) – corresponding to H1.
- Land under cultivation – corresponding to H2.
- Number HVCs produced - corresponding to H3.
- Simpson’s index of agricultural diversification – corresponding to H3
- Revenue per decimal - corresponding to H3.
- Expenditure on agricultural inputs – corresponding to H4.
- Unit of Analysis:
- Household
- Hypotheses:
2.1 Hypotheses Regarding Crop Dykes
H1: Households protected from dykes will have greater overall resilience (measured through household food security).
H2: Households protected from dykes will face less flood risk.
H2: Farm production, land-used for agriculture, and investment in HVCs for beneficiary households will be higher because of enhancement in flood protection.
2.2 Hypotheses Regarding Canals & Buried Pipes
H1: Beneficiary households will have greater resilience and food security.
H2: Greater water availability, especially in the drier Rabi season, will allow for greater agricultural land use especially in Rabi season for beneficiary households as compared to the comparison group.
H3: Beneficiary households will have greater water availability, which will allow for agricultural diversification, high-value crop production, and increased farm production.
H4: Beneficiary households will have greater input use in terms of fertilizers and pesticides as they practice high-value agriculture.
- Unit of Intervention or Assignment:
- Assignment of Canals and Buried pipes is through Water User Groups, but assignment of dykes is at the household level. That is, whether or not a household is protected by a dyke or not.
- Number of Clusters in Sample:
- 120 clusters for canals and buried pipes evaluation
- Number of Individuals in Sample:
- 20
- Size of Treatment, Control, or Comparison Subsamples:
- Comparison (760), Canal Treatment (760), Buried Pipe Treatment (760). For the dykes part, 300 treatment households and about 600 control households.
Supplementary Files
- Analysis Plan:
- PAP_SACP_Bangladesh_27.12.23.docx
- Other Documents:
Outcomes Data
- Description:
- Household survey data
- Data Already Collected?
- Yes
- Data Previously Used?
- No
- Data Access:
- Restricted -- Access requires a formal approval process
- Data Obtained by the Study Researchers?
- Data Approval Process:
- Send the request to the investigators. This request will be forwarded to FAO Bangladesh that own this data set.
- Approval Status:
- Yes-obtained approval and have received the data
Treatment Assignment Data
- Participation or Assignment Information:
- Yes
- Description:
- Data Obtained by the Study Researchers?
- Data Previously Used?
- Data Access:
- Data Obtained by the Study Researchers?
- Data Approval Process:
- Approval Status:
Data Analysis
- Data Analysis Status:
- No
Study Materials
- Upload Study Materials:
Registration Category
- Registration Category:
- Prospective, Category 3: Data for measuring impacts have been obtained/collected by the research team but analysis for this evaluation has not started
Completion Overview
- Intervention Completion Date:
- Data Collection Completion Date:
- Unit of Analysis:
- Clusters in Final Sample:
- Total Observations in Final Sample:
- Size of Treatment, Control, or Comparison Subsamples:
Findings
- Preliminary Report:
- Preliminary Report URL:
- Summary of Findings:
- Paper:
- Paper Summary:
- Paper Citation:
Data Availability
- Data Availability (Primary Data):
- Date of Data Availability:
- Data URL or Contact:
- Access procedure:
Other Materials
- Survey:
- Survey Instrument Links or Contact:
- Program Files:
- Program Files Links or Contact:
- External Link:
- External Link Description:
- Description of Changes:
Study Stopped
- Date:
- Reason: